using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics;

using System.Windows.Automation;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;

namespace SWACalculatorExample
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            IntPtr calculatorWindowHandle = LaunchCalculatorAndReturnWindowHandle();

            //Here I use a window handle to get an AutomationElement for a specific window.
            AutomationElement calculatorElement = AutomationElement.FromHandle(calculatorWindowHandle);
            ThrowIfElementIsNull(calculatorElement, "calculator window");
            PrintElementInfo(calculatorElement);

            //Grabs the main edit box from the calculator.
            PropertyCondition editBoxAutomationIDProperty = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.AutomationIdProperty, "403");
            AutomationElement editBoxElement = calculatorElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, editBoxAutomationIDProperty);
            ThrowIfElementIsNull(editBoxElement, "edit box");
            PrintElementInfo(editBoxElement);

            //This won't work here because the calculator text box is read-only.  On a non-read-only box, this would have worked.
            //ValuePattern editBoxValuePattern = (ValuePattern)editBoxElement.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern);
            //editBoxValuePattern.SetValue("6");

            //Since the direct ValuePattern method didn't work, this is Plan B, using SendKeys.
            //Type "6".
            editBoxElement.SetFocus();
            SendKeys.SendWait("6");

            //Press the multiplication button.
            InvokeChildButtonByName(calculatorElement, "*");

            //Sleeps should be avoided whereever possible in automation code.
            //In some cases, however, they're useful as a quick fix to a timing issue.
            //Still, you should look for a better way to make sure an action is complete.
            Thread.Sleep(100);

            //Then type "9".
            editBoxElement.SetFocus();
            SendKeys.SendWait("9");

            //Press the equals button.
            InvokeChildButtonByName(calculatorElement, "=");

            //Now read the result from the calculator text box.
            ValuePattern editBoxValuePattern = (ValuePattern)editBoxElement.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern);
            string editBoxResult = editBoxValuePattern.Current.Value;
            Console.WriteLine("The answer: {0}", editBoxResult);

            //Get the WindowPattern from the window and use it to close the calculator app.
            WindowPattern calculatorWindowPattern = (WindowPattern)calculatorElement.GetCurrentPattern(WindowPattern.Pattern);
            calculatorWindowPattern.Close();

            Console.WriteLine("Done!");
            Console.Read();
        }

        #region SWA Helpers

        //Walks some of the more interesting properties on the AutomationElement.
        public static void PrintElementInfo(AutomationElement element)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("--------Element");
            Console.WriteLine("AutomationId: {0}", element.Current.AutomationId);
            Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", element.Current.Name);
            Console.WriteLine("ClassName: {0}", element.Current.ClassName);
            Console.WriteLine("ControlType: {0}", element.Current.ControlType.ProgrammaticName);
            Console.WriteLine("IsEnabled: {0}", element.Current.IsEnabled);
            Console.WriteLine("IsOffscreen: {0}", element.Current.IsOffscreen);
            Console.WriteLine("ProcessId: {0}", element.Current.ProcessId);

            //Commented out because it requires another library reference.
            //Console.WriteLine("BoundingRectangle: {0}", element.Current.BoundingRectangle);

            Console.WriteLine("Supported Patterns:");
            foreach (AutomationPattern supportedPattern in element.GetSupportedPatterns())
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\t{0}", supportedPattern.ProgrammaticName);
            }
        }

        public static void ThrowIfElementIsNull(AutomationElement element, string name)
        {
            if (element == null)
            {
                throw new Exception("Uh-oh, couldn't find the " + name + "...");
            }
        }

        public static void InvokeChildButtonByName(AutomationElement parentElement, string name)
        {
            //Grab a button by name, then click on it.
            AutomationElement buttonElement = parentElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, name));
            InvokePattern buttonInvokePattern = (InvokePattern)buttonElement.GetCurrentPattern(InvokePattern.Pattern);
            buttonInvokePattern.Invoke();
        }

        #endregion SWA Helpers

        #region Non SWA Helpers

        //Launches the Windows Calculator and returns the Main Window's Handle.
        public static IntPtr LaunchCalculatorAndReturnWindowHandle()
        {
            Process calculatorProcess = Process.Start("calc.exe");
            calculatorProcess.WaitForInputIdle();
            return calculatorProcess.MainWindowHandle;
        }

        #endregion Non SWA Helpers
    }
}